Pillar Guide & Keyword Hub

Signaling & Protocol Vulnerabilities

SS7 location tracking, Diameter flaws, GTP tunnels, BGP route leaks.

Historical Events in Signaling & Protocol Vulnerabilities

1988Signaling Plane

CCITT Standardizes SS7 (Signaling System No. 7)

Global standardization of SS7 protocol suite across mobile and fixed line networks, built on implicit trust without authentication.

1998Data Plane

ICMP Smurf Amplification & Broadcast Reflection Attack Era

Attackers spoofed ICMP pings to IP broadcast addresses of backbones like Portugal's FCCN/RCTS, causing 100x amplification floods.

2008Signaling Plane

Dan Kaminsky Discloses DNS & BGP Telecom Routing Flaws

Dan Kaminsky disclosed cache poisoning vulnerabilities affecting core ISP resolvers alongside BGP hijacking risks.

2014Signaling Plane

Tobias Engel & SRLabs Disclose SS7 Location Tracking at 31C3

SRLabs demonstrated at 31C3 that SS7 flaws allow global subscriber location tracking and SMS 2FA interception.